Uncategorized 6.3 CURRICULUM FORMATION PRINCIPLES Principles of curriculum Formation Three general principles of curriculum formation are: 1. Keep the students up front in the planning process. Thes means taking into account concerns about: * Quality: promotion Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 6.2 CURRICULUM MATERIALS SOURCES Sources of curriculum materials development Several sources of curriculum materials are as follows: * Science as Source * Society as Source * Eternal and Devine Sources * Knowledge as a Source * The Learner as Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 6.1 CURRICULUM MATERIALS ORGANISATION Organization of Curriculum materials Curriculum in narrow view includes content and examination. In wider frame curriculum includes aims, learning methods and subject matter sequencing. Broader concept of curriculum describes it Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
5.2.1 Curriculum Area Elements In each curriculum area the four elements of learning should be made explicit. 1.KNOWLEDGE While it may be true that education is what is left when the facts have Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
5.2 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM AREAS Children in Pakistan start attending school at the age of three years. These children are admitted into pre- school also called Montessori or kindergarten. Primary education which marks the start Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
5.1.2 The Process of Designing (Organizing) the School Curriculum Formulating a school-based curriculum is not different from designing a curriculum in general. The only difference is that content and learning experiences are more localized. Taba (1962: 12) and other Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
5.1.1 Reasons for Designing (Organizing) a School Curriculum School serves the needs of the child. All that is done by the school should be for the good of the child. Teacher should not lose sight of this fact. Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
5.1 ORGANIZING THE CURRICULUM Organization of the Course inside Curriculum Include * Defining of requirements for attending of teaching processfrom particular course * Course content * Class timetables of contact hours, * Learning and teaching methods * Course credits Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
SCHOOL CURRICULUM School curriculum School is defined as a social institution designed to give formal learning to children. Teachers are aware that a school curriculum is a program of selected content and Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.7 HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ORGANIZATION Horizontal and vertical organizations are two necessary dimensions of any curriculum design. Vertical organization (sequence, continuity) deals with the longitudinal arrangement of the design components. Horizontal organization (scope, integration) deals Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.6 THE PROCESS-ORIENTED CURRICULUM DESIGN This design focuses on personal attributes and skills of the individual learner. These may include such aspects as: working well with others, effective leadership, knowing how to take and follow Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5.6 SOCIAL PROCESSES AND LIFE FUNCTIONS DESIGN This design is focused heavily on society. Social processes, functions, or problems become the center for the design of the curriculum. One way o look at this approach is to Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5.5 Integrated Curriculum & Academic Teaching An integrated curriculum is a nontraditional approach to teaching. An integrated curriculum is an interdisciplinary teaching method wherein the academic curriculum is centered on a topic or theme rather than Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
4.5.4 pproaches to Integrated Curriculum Drake (2000) presents a continuum of three approaches to integrated curriculum: multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary. * Multidisciplinary: two or more subjects are organized around a common theme or topic such as Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5.3 Reasons for Integration There are several reasons why subjects should be integrated. * The subjects taught are the result of a long development but their subject matter soon becomes outdated. This might support a Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5.2 Principles of Integrated Curriculum in Pakistan Integrated curriculum for the elementary classes in Pakistan was constructed in light of the following principles. * Basic language skills i.e. listening, speaking, writing receives preference over knowledge, information, concepts Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5.1 Objectives of Integrated Curriculum * The basic objective of integrated curriculum is to emphasize the learning and basic language skills for the children of classes1-3. This would increase the literacy rate of the country. * Reduction Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.5 INTEGRATED CURRICULUM Definitions: Curriculum integration is a philosophy of teaching in which content is drawn from several subject areas to focus on a particular topic or theme. Generally, educators think of curriculum Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
