Uncategorized 9.2.2 Summative Evaluation This type of evaluation assesses whether or not the project or program can perform as the originators and designers intended. considers cost effectiveness in terms of money, time and personnel. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 9.2.1 Formative Evaluation The term 'formative evaluation' was originally coined by Scriven (1973) to classify evaluation that gathered information for the purpose of improving instruction as the instruction was being given. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 9.2 FORMS OF EVALUATION In the context of curriculum evaluation, there are two forms of evaluation: * Formative evaluation * Summative evaluation. Both can be conducted to provide information necessary for effective decision making. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 9.1 SCHOOL CURRICULUM EVALUATION * This refers to the efforts a school may make to determine the extent to which it achieves the objectives of the syllabuses it teaches. * The evaluation may involve all subjects Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized CHAPTER-9 EVALUATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Introduction: Evaluation of curriculum presents the final stage inside cyclic process of improvement and development of curriculum. Without evaluation procedure it would be hard to imagine monitoring of institution progres Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.3 TEACHERS MANUAL Teachers' manual is supplementary aid for the professional teachers. Teachers manual also called teacher guide is his/her handbook. It is a directory containing contact information. Teacher's Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 8.2.1 Importance and Uses of Workbook * Individualized Schemes of Work: The most marked area of development in the use of resources and materials has been the widespread use of individualized schemes of work based either on Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 3 min read
Uncategorized 8.2 WORKBOOKS Definitions of workbook * booklet containing problems and exercises that a student may work directly on the pages. * A manual containing operating instructions, as for an appliance or machine. * A book Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.5 Teachers and Text Books teacher or Instructor Needs a text book in the following conclusions. * He wants to know what and how the curriculum is translated into a text. * He takes interest with the Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.4 Uses of Text Book It is used even by the teachers as well as the students. * Text books are used as a tool for learning. * These also explain the specific role of text books Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.3 Characteristics of Text Books The characteristics of text books are their size, bindings and paper, print. and pictures. Pictures are selected on the basis of their instructional value. Illustrations in text books are not Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.2 Types of Textbooks A text book may be a paper book, hard card, visual book, A.V learning materials or an electronic book, on line book or other machine related tool. Text books Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.1 History In ancient Greece, textbooks were used specifically for educational purposes. While they are still used for education, the format and content of textbooks has become standardized with mass production. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized CHAPTER -8 INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS 8.1 TEXT BOOK Definitions of a Text Book: Text book is the term for a book used in a course as the base around which the course is built. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.3 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRICULUM OF CLASSES' 1-VIII Elementary stage offers eight years education including 5 year program, known as primary stage followed by three years education, known as middle stage. The curriculum at primary stage It includes; Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.2 FACTORS AFFECTING Curriculum Development IN PAKISTAN Curriculum development is influenced by several factors. Several factors affect all curriculum development in meeting the needs of 21st century learners in both organized academic settings and corporation learning centers. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 5 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.6 Curriculum Development Pitfalls Several major obstacles affecting the quality and effectiveness of the curriculum development process in Pakistan-are summarized below. Expertise Some serving teachers are, of course, involved in curriculum development. But notwithstanding Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.5 Steps Involved In Curriculum Development Mechanism * Curriculum wing request the provincial centers to prepar draft curriculum for each subject taught in various classes up to class XII * Provincial centers call for committee of teachers, subjen specialists, Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
