4.2.2 Humanistic design This design emphasizes the meeting of individual needs in a conducive, supportive learning environment. The humanistic approach to curriculum design may well incorporate all the features of the experience design Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.2.1 The Activities and Experiences Curriculum Design The key concept of this design is that the role of learner is active rather than passive and students share the experiences with the teacher and with each other. An Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
4.2 LEARNER-CENTERED DESIGN This design emphasizes individual development and their approach to organizing the curriculum emerges from the needs, interests and purposes of students. Supporters of these designs generally view society in democratic Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.1.2 The Broad Fields Curriculum Design This design was developed to overcome a perceived weakness in the subject design that was evident in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The broad fields design combines two or Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.1.1 Academic discipline design This approach to organizing curriculum is essentially a post-second World War phenomenon, gaining greatest support in the 1960s. The academic disciplines design emphasizes the role played by those distinct entities Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
4.1 THE SUBJECT-CENTERED DESIGN This model focuses on the content of the curriculum. The subject centered design corresponds mostly to the textbook written for the specific subject. A curriculum can also be organized around Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
CURRICULUM DESIGNS TYPES/Kind Types of Curriculum Design Several curriculum design patterns can be identified although few operate in pure form. Most draw elements from several designs and fuse them into a plan for Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
CURRICULUM BASIC COMPONENTS BASIC CURRICULUM COMPONENTS * Aim, goals, and objectives * Subject matter * Learning experiences * Evaluation * Emphasis on different components shapes the design of the curriculum. * Taba believes that most curriculum lack balance because Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
3.5.1 QURANIC UNIVERSAL IN IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS The Quranic Universal The Quranic universals take their origin from the beautiful names of Allah Almighty who is the truth and reality. These names or attributes are the intrinsic qualities Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
3.5 IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM A system of ideas characterizing a party, class and culture is called ideology. Curriculum ideologies are defined as beliefs about what schools should teach, for what ends, and for what Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 4 min read
3.4 HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM People live in the present. They plan for and worry about the future History, however, is the study of the past. In a society that quite correctly expects education to Tauseef Ahmad 2 Sep 2023 · 3 min read
3.3.3 CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT NEEDS THEORY Needs Theory: Rath (1972) identified the eight persisting emotional needs. The Identified needs are as under: * Need for love and affection. * Need for achievement. * Need for belonging. * Need for self-respect. Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
3.3.2 CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT THEORIES Theories about human learning Theories about human learning can be grouped into four broad"perspectives". These are Behaviorism: focus on observable behavior 2. Cognitive: learning as purely a Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 4 min read
3.3.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Social, moral and cognitive development To understand the characteristics of learners in childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age, educational psychology develops and applies theories of human development. Often represented as Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
3.3 PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM Psychological foundation: A course or courses providing a foundation for understanding the psychology of individual perception and behavior. Psychology has made great contribution for the development of school curriculum. Psychology Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
3.2 SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM Sociological foundation can be defined as a course or courses providing a foundation for understanding the organization and functioning of human societies, social institutions, and groups. Schools have the mission Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 4 min read
3.1.2 ROLE OF PHILOSOPHY IN CURRICULUM PLANNING The Role of Philosophy in Curriculum Planning At the heart of purposeful activity in curriculum development is an educational philosophy that assists in answering value-laden questions and making decisions from Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
3.1.1 DETERMINANTS OF AN EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY Major philosophies of life and education have traditionally been defined by three criteria: * What is good? * 'What is true? * 'What is real? Individual perceptions of goodness, truth, and Tauseef Ahmad 1 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
