(III) BLOOM'S EVALUATION APPROACH continue....
(b) Creating Learning Experience:
On the basis of learning objectives, appropriate teaching strategies, tactics and audio-visual aidsd are selected for a generating environment for learning experiences. Learning experiences may be provided inside or outside the classroom.
Cognitive ObjectivesLearning Experiences1.KnowledgeLecture, demonstration, chart, models, textbooks, programmed instruction, home work.2.UnderstandingQuestion-Answer strategy, seminars, discussions, maps, textbooks, home work.3.ApplicationProject method4.CreativityProblem solving methods, seminars, excursions, workshops, field trips etc.The above table shows the objectives and specific learning experiences for pupil teacher.
(c) Evaluating the change in behavior:
Learning experiences bring desirable changes in the behaviour of learners. These changes are evaluated in terms of learning objectives. A criterion test (objective type or essay type) is used for measuring cognitive objectives.
In lesson plan, oral questions are asked for evaluating learners' cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of behaviour.
On the basis of evaluation approach, outline of a lessonplan is given below.
Date _______________
Class _______________
Period ______________
Subject _____________
Topic _______________
Specific objectives:
1. Student are able to describe.....
2. Student are able to recall .....
Presentation (Learning experiences)
Teacher's activitiesStudent's activitiesTeaching Methods and Teaching aidsObjectivesQuestionsAnswersTeaching strategies or tactics and audio-visual aids if any baseKnowledge or comprehension or application Evaluation:
Oral questions are asked to evaluate cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains.
Q1______________
Q2______________
Home work:
Home work is assigned to the learners to involve them in studies and develop interest among them.
Merits of Bloom's lesson plan:
- A relationship between input and output of teaching process is established.
- Teaching is made more scientific and systematic.
- Maximum behavioural changes can be brought by minimum effort.
- It helps to check wastage of human energy and time and leads teachers and students towards the desirable goal.
Demerits of Bloom's lesson plan:
- This approach is highly structured and mechanized. There is no scope for creativity or originality of the teacher.
- One teaching activity does not confine to one domain. It is used for other domains also. Therefore, it is difficult to decide at what level, that teaching activity should be used.
- Mental processes or mental activities are not taken into consideration in writing objectives in behavioural terms.
- Motivational techniques are not used for developing interest in students.
(iv) John Dewey and Kilpatrick Approach
John Dewey was a great American pragmatic philosopher as well as a great psychologist. He has shifted the focus of education to social efficiency. The knowledge of students should be related to their life situations. The learning experiences should be provided by solving the real problems.W.H. Kilpatrick has developed a project-method and introduced an integrated approach to the curriculum. A project is whole hearted purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment. It is also a pupil centred purposeful task accomplished in real life. It involves self-activity and experiences of life situations.