"Educational planning consists of input, throughput, and output analysis projection" this definition of educational planning is defined by?

"Educational planning consists of input, throughput, and output analysis projection" this definition of educational planning is defined by?
(a) Fayal
(b) Y Dror
(c) Seth Spoulding
(d) Beneerg J.C
✅ Correct answer: (c) Seth Spoulding
Explanation: Seth Spoulding explained educational planning in terms of system analysis—inputs, throughputs, and outputs to evaluate educational effectiveness.