CHAPTER 1 CONCEPT OF ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT & SUPERVISION

Concept of Administration

Etymologically

The term administration has been derived from the Latin word 'ministic' which means service offered to others for their welfare.

Oxford Dictionary

The Oxford Dictionary explains administration as 'management of business, management of public affairs, government, etc." The words business, public affairs and government are used here to indicate some form of organization or institution. Thus administration may be defined as the management of an institution or organization. The management means to run, handle, conduct or control. Administration stand for handling, conducting and controlling of an organization.

Encyclopedia of Educational Research

"Educational administration is the process of integrating the efforts of personnel and of utilizing appropriate materials in such a way as to promote effectively the development of human qualities. It is concerned not only with the development of children and youth but also with the growth of adults and particularly with the growth of school personnel."

C.V. Good

All those techniques and procedures in operating the educational organization in accordance with established policies is defined as administration."

Ryburn

Administration is not primarily concerned with arrangements, time table, scheme of study, type of building, records etc., but it is concerned with attitude of our work and with the children with whom we work.

Educational administration, is therefore a comprehensive effort intended to achieve some specific educational objectives and it deals with educational policies and practices. It stands for planning, directing, controlling, executing and evaluating the educative process.It is again concerned with both:

(i) Human and

(ii) Material resources.

i) Human Resources

Among the human elements with which administration is intimately concerned are the children, parents, teachers, administrators, other employees, citizens in general, employers, Universities and Boards of Education, and officials at local, state and national levels.

ii) Material Resources

On the material side educational administration is concerned with funds, buildings, grounds, equipments and other institutional supplies.Beyond these two elements are ideas, curricula, courses, rules and regulations, laws, methods, community requirements and so on. The coordination of all these elements into a unified effort is the main role and function of educational administration.