9.2 Teacher and Classroom Management

This implies the creation of an environment in the class as it allows for the best display of the students' abilities in the teaching-learning process. There is the maximum involvement of the students in the classroom activities. The teacher and the students are full of enthusiasm. The classroom environment is based on mutual goodwill and faith. The teacher gives due regard to the individuality of the students and the students in turn show spontaneous respect for their teacher. The teacher in the true sense is the friend, philosopher and guide of the students.

Management of the Class

Teacher can perform different roles while managing the class. These roles may be listed as under:

• Communicator of attitude, knowledge, skillsand values
• Coordinator
• Curriculum planner and implementer
• Democrat
• Disciplinarian
• Evaluator of attitudes, knowledge and skills
• Facilitator
• Guide
• Helper
• Improviser
• Innovator
• Integrator of knowledge
• Leader
• Motivator
• Observer
• Programmer
• Researcher
• Scientist

Effective Classroom Management

• Curriculum Development and Implementation.
• Adjustment to Individual Differences andDevelopment.
• Dynamic Techniques of Instruction.
• Use of Techniques of Teaching.
• Evaluating and Discussing Pupils' Performance.
• Maintaining Class Discipline.

(a) Curriculum Development and Implementation.

This implies:

1. Participation in subject matter study of existing curricula and in the development of improved expanded curricula.
2. Determining the object, scope and methods of the grade and subjects to be taught۔
3. Devising assignments, when necessary, in order toenrich the teaching programme for the pupils.
4. Correlating his subject matter curriculum with the curriculum of other subjects.
5. Teaching upto date knowledge and skills

b) Adjusting to Individual Differences and Development Levels

This calls for:

1. Drawing upon and applying basic knowledge of the psychology of the child in order to establishreadiness for learning.
2. Making an effort to know as much as about the background and environment of each child, in order to improve the teaching learning process.
3. Developing in each pupil a sense of personal growth and value.
4. Maintaining discipline by being consistently friendly, fair.
5. Handling behaviour problems in a controlled manner.

(c) Dynamic Techniques of Teaching (Effective teaching learning)

This includes:

1. Selecting materials, teaching aids methods which will facilitate the learning process and stimulate the desire for further learning.
2. Meeting the needs, backgrounds and capacitiesthe children, being taught.
3. Teaching by use of a suitable variety of lectures, discussions, demonstrations, visual and oral presentations, recitation, directed group effort experimentation, special projects and field trips.
4. Analysing and evaluating the effectiveness of various teaching techniques in order to improve the learning process.
5. Endeavouring to obtain and maintain pupil interest and attention so that teaching is done in a receptiveatmosphere.
6. Endeavouring to assure that material taught is applied in such a manner as to develop a pattern ofunder-standing for future use in other areas.
7. Encouraging and guiding critical thinking by pupils.
8. Developing desirable work and study skills and habits.
9. Enlisting pupil participation in the lesson planning process.
10. Developing broad outlines and objectives to be attained within prescribed limits, for a subject or skill area based upon the needs and interests of a specific group of pupils.
11. Making suitable lesson plans.

(d) Use of Techniques of Teaching

This relates to:

• Use of charts, models, graphs etc.
• Use of blackboard.
• Use of new technology. i.e computer, radio and T.V.

(e) Evaluating and Discussing Pupils Performance

This comprises:

• Devising and administering appropriate tests to measure the level and quality of pupil's learning.
• Interpreting test results and related findings to pupil progress in order to improve the teaching learning process.
• Reporting pupil's achievement and progress to parents by means of progress reports.
• Discussing pupil's achievement with the parentsindividually, in groups and conferences.
• Cooperating and enlisting the cooperation of schoolspecialist in the process of evaluation.

(f) Maintaining Discipline

This implies:

• Basing discipline on 'do's rather than 'don' ts'.
• Showing due regard to the personality of each student.
• Insisting on good conduct and manners.
• Displaying sympathetic but firm attitude.
• Maintaining a certain reserve but friendly environment.
• Becoming fair and just.
• Using polished and sweet language.
• Showing humour,
• Keeping the class busy.
• Avoiding threats.
• Avoiding discussing family problems.
• Avoiding discussing colleagues.
• Avoiding sarcastic remarks.