Which of the following is most directly responsible for creating the constitutions above?

(A) Nationalist movements advocating pan-Americanism (B) Revolts organized by provincial elites in Latin American nations (C) Aboriginal natives gathering the support of provincials to create constitutions (D) Colonial powers preparing their colonies for independenceExplanation: Latin American independence movements were typically organized by the native-born elites and not the European-born aristocrats, so eliminate (C) and (D). Choice (A) is the opposite of what actually transpired, so eliminate it. Choice (B) is the answer.